Walter kaiser says that exodus contains some of the richest theology in the old testament. In exodus, god rescues the israelites from slavery in egypt and confronts. From servants to slaves the dangers of the comfort zone chapter 2. Often these criticisms are based upon lack of evidence from sources outside the bible to confirm the biblical record. Exodus is a latin word derived from greek exodos, the name given to the book by those who translated it into greek. The historicity of the bible is the question of the bibles relationship to history covering not just the bibles acceptability as history but also the ability to understand the literary forms of biblical narrative. The nt also claims mosaic authorship for various passages in exodus see, e.
The book of exodus the book of exodus the second book of the pentateuch is called exodus, from the greek word for departure, because its central event was understood by the septuagints translators to be the departure of the israelites from egypt. In genesis moses depended on the revelations of god and possibly on the accounts of his ancestors while he was mostly able to write down the happenings of exodus to deuteronomy by his own view and experience under the guidance of the holy spirit compare exodus 17. The case for the reliability of the persons and events of the bible becomes more needed and more necessary each day as the newer generations antibibli cal thesis takes a greater hold on the hearts and minds of its members. Moses then wrote down everything the lord had said, exodus 24. An inquiry into the historicity of the tabernacle in. Book of exodus, session 1 introduction yale divinity school.
The second book of moses called exodus geneva bible 1599. A study series in exodus 29 lesson study of the book of exodus. Peter enns, niv application commentary nivac, zondervan, 2000, 624 pp. Spread over the books of exodus, leviticus, numbers, and deuteronomy, it tells the myth of the enslavement of the israelites in ancient egypt, their liberation through the hand of their tutelary deity yahweh, the revelations at biblical mount sinai, and their wanderings in the wilderness up to the borders of canaan, the land their god has given. Unfortunately, any historicity of the exodus is buried here beneath a welter of source criticism, anthropology, and mythology. Because its such a pivotal moment in israelite culture, the story, the rules, and the aura reverberate throughout the rest of the book. The second book of the pentateuch is called exodus, from the greek word for departure, because its central event was understood by the septuagints translators to be the departure of the israelites from egypt. The book of exodus as a whole word biblical commentary, volume 3. What has been said to the book of genesis also applies to exodus. The first five books of the bible are together known as the pentateuch see introduction to genesis. Why should the historical background of the bible be studied.
The some 20,000 cuneiform clay tablets discovered at the ruins of nuzi, east of the tigris river and datable to c. One can extend biblical historicity to the evaluation of whether or not the christian new testament is an accurate record of the historical jesus and of the apostolic age. The principle is also present in the code of hammurabi about 18501750 bc, though that code does not prioritize human life as highly as the torah does. Taken together, these references strongly suggest that moses was largely responsible for. The book of exodus is the second book of the bible, it describes the israelites deliverance from slavery in egypt through the hand of yahweh, the revelations at biblical mount sinai, and the subsequent divine indwelling of god with israel exodus is traditionally ascribed to moses, but modern scholars see its initial composition as a product of the babylonian exile 6th century bce, with. The book of exodus is the second book of the bible, it describes the israelites deliverance from slavery in egypt through the hand of yahweh, the revelations at biblical mount sinai, and the subsequent divine indwelling of god with israel. Exodus 31, new international version niv the bible app. The biblical account of millions fleeing egypt may be an exaggeration, but the exodus itself is not a myth. The historicity of the exodus general the biologos forum. Defending the mosaic authorship of the pentateuch and the historicity of the plagues and wanderings in the wilderness, stuart throws considerable light on the books literary, theological, and sociological dimensions. Bible survery exodus hebrew name velleh shemoth these are the names greek name exodus departure author. Exodus exodus, book of eerdmans dictionary of the bible exodus, book of eerdmans bible dictionary. Why should the historical background of the bible be. Listen to chuck swindolls overview of exodus in his audio message from the classic.
New american commentary nac ebook 9781433672590 by douglas. This commentary on a key book of the old testament in which god declares and. The bible, therefore, must be an accurate historical record of the past. Amenhotep ii as pharaoh of the exodus bible and spade. The title exodus comes from the septuagint, which derived it from the primary event found in the book, the deliverance from slavery and exodus or departure of the. Exodus bible book with full chapters new international version. Giving giving through stock transfers wills and estate planning giving history. Known for his ability to make bible scholarship accessible to readers, friedman proceeds to reveal how much is at stake when we explore the historicity of the exodus. The key personalities include moses, miriam, pharaoh, pharaohs daughter, aaron, and joshua. Exodus 14 niv then the lord said to moses, tell bible gateway. He evaluates modern critical perspectives on exodus, and evaluates the legacy of nineteenthcentury higher critical interpretation for the books historicity. Organized for easy reference, word biblical commentaries make an ideal bible study companion whether you are studying a single passage or a complete biblical book. New american commentary nac volume 2 9780805401028 by douglas stuart. In the 480 th year after the children of israels exodus from the land of egypt in the fourth year of solomons reign over israel, in.
In the beginning was the word, and the word was with god, and the word was god. Adult laymen as well as pastors, teachers, and youth group leaders, homeschooling families, and individualswith or without a burning interest in. The book of exodus consists mainly of two genres, narrative history and laws. Biblical scholars describe the bibles theologicallymotivated history writing as salvation history, meaning a history of gods saving. Its hebrew title, shemoth names, is from the books opening phrase, these are the names.
There is more to interpreting the book than demonstrating that this or. Its the point at which god and the israelitesthe two biggest characters of the hebrew bibleget to know each other. Bible exodus meaning, historical background, and dates. The niv and new international version are trademarks registered in the united states patent and trademark office by biblica, inc. Westerholm, tabernacle, international standard bible encyclopedia grand rapids.
Listening becomes exciting as the holy scripture comes to life in stereo. The book of exodus niv audio holy bible high quality and best speed. Israels liberation from bondage to pharaoh is one of the great turning points in old testament history. The name was retained by the latin vulgate, by the jewish author philo a contemporary of christ and by the syriac version. Exodus 1 new international version niv the israelites oppressed. Exodus 1, new international version niv the bible app. Pharaoh said, who is the lord, that i should obey him and let israel go. Genesis, exodus, leviticus, numbers, deuteronomy written by moses written while in the wilderness written to the descendants of israel. Thus, historical accuracy of scripture is of vital importance, for it is the appeal made by the bible itself to argue for its truthfulness. Exodus is the second of five books comprising the pentateuch, the torah law, or the five books of moses. Exodus 5 niv bricks without straw afterward moses bible.
The second book of moses called exodus the argument after that jacob by gods commandment genesis 46. In first book of the pentateuch, the book of genesis, the israelites had come to live in egypt in the land of goshen during a famine due to the fact that an israelite, joseph, had become a high official in the. To use an obviously relevant example, you have not understood the book of exodus when you have successfully defended the historicity of the event of the exodus. I do not know the lord and i will not let israel go. The exodus is a valuable resource for anyone wishing for a handy, easytounderstand summary of the issues surrounding the dating of and the evidence for the exodus.
Best commentaries and books on exodus logos bible software. Exodus 1 niv bible these are the names of the sons of. Watch our overview video on exodus 118, which breaks down the literary design. Jan 01, 2010 the book of exodus follows the israelites into slavery in egypt and the birth of moses, then recounts the confrontation with pharaoh and the exodus from egypt. Furthermore, according to the critics, the presentation of the tabernacle 9s. The project of biblical archaeology associated with w. A commentary on exodus published very recently is that of w. Albright, which sought to validate the historicity of the events narrated in the bible through the ancient texts and material remains of the near east, has a more specific focus compared to the more expansive view of history described by archaeologist william dever. William dever, how to tell a canaanite from an israelite, in the rise of ancient israel, ed. Summary of the book of exodus the story of the bible.
Book 2 of 43 in the niv application commentary series. The dangers of the comfort zone the story continues the pentateuch. It takes the story of the israelites from their presence in and oppression by egypt up to the reception of the divine law that occupies the entire book of leviticus and much of numbers. New american commentary nac volume 2 9780805401028 by douglas. Defense of the bibles historicity is, of course, important, but it is not the goal of biblical interpretation. Assigning the events of exodus to a specific historical period is difficult. Several statements in exodus indicate that moses wrote certain sections of the book see 17. In the 480 th year after the children of israels exodus from the land of egypt in the fourth year of solomons reign over israel, in the month of ziv which is the second. Concise exegesis to help readers understand the original meaning of the biblical text in its historical. Exodus intro to exodus biblica the international bible society. Our magazinestyle booklet contains the complete new international version niv of exodus without alteration.
Bible survery exodus hebrew name velleh shemoth these are the names greek name exodus departure author moses date from 1635 to 1490 bc approximately. Exodus 5, new international version niv the bible app. A detailed description of the exodus from the bible with historical background, dates and route read on the site. An inquiry into the historicity of the tabernacle in ancient. Additionally, other biblical books refer to the law of moses joshua 1. Is it important that the bible is historically accurate. The book of exodus the second book of moses is called exodus, from the greek word exodos, which signifies going out. The biblical message of salvation is likewise powerfully set forth in this book. The exodus story shapes the entire rest of the bible. Joseph was already in egypt 6 now joseph and all his brothers and all that generation died, 7 but the israelites. Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival to me in the wilderness. The bible claims to be the record of god acting in history. Meanwhile, the evidence for the truthfulness and historicity of the bible continues.
Biblica provides gods word to people through translation, publishing and bible engagement in africa, asia pacific, europe, latin america, middle east, and north america. The rise of a leader preparing for greatness chapter 3. The second book of moses called exodus geneva bible. Book of exodus overview insight for living ministries. Exodus 1 niv the israelites oppressed bible gateway. Book of exodus, session 1 introduction the book of exodus is the second book of the torah or pentateuch, the first five books of the old testament. The call of god challenged to do a great work chapters 46.
Historically, moses was thought to be the author because he is the prime character, but scholars now believe that, like genesis, there were many authors. Introduction to the niv application commentary on exodus. Continuing the history of israel from the point where the book of genesis leaves off, exodus recounts the egyptian oppression of jacobs everincreasing. It was written to record the events of israels deliverance from slavery in egypt. The children of israel increase in egypt after the death of joseph. But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot niv. The story of the exodus is told in the books of exodus, leviticus, numbers, and deuteronomy, the last four of the first five books of the bible also called the torah or pentateuch. Introduction from the niv study bible go to exodus. Im even willing to grant that a small nucleus of people who became israelites had originally been in egypt, as baruch halpern suggests in his analysis of the literary tradition.
Summary question 2 is it important that the bible is historically accurate. Bricks without straw afterward moses and aaron went to pharaoh and said, this is what the lord, the god of israel, says. Intro to exodus biblica the international bible society. If one is prepared to accept the historicity of the bible, determining the date of the exodus from the bible is very straightforward. Many people take the position that since the bible is a religious book, it cannot be trusted unless we have evidence from a nonbiblical source that backs up what is stated in scripture. A study of the book of exodus braveheart mens ministry old fort baptist church chapter 1.
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